1. Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Adsorption Separation Process
Adsorption txhais tau hais tias thaum cov kua (gas los yog kua) nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ib tug khoom ntxeem tau, ib los yog ntau tshaj cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov kua raug xa mus rau sab nrauv ntawm cov ntxeem tau thiab lub puab nto ntawm lub micropores rau enriched rau ntawm qhov chaw. Ua ib qho txheej txheem monomolecular lossis cov txheej txheem txheej txheej txheej txheem.
Cov kua dej adsorbed yog hu ua adsorbate, thiab cov khoom ntxeem tau lawv tus kheej hu ua adsorbent.
Vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov adsorbate thiab cov adsorbent, lub peev xwm adsorption ntawm cov adsorbent rau txawv adsorbates kuj txawv.Nrog siab adsorption selectivity, lub Cheebtsam ntawm lub adsorption theem thiab lub nqus theem yuav enriched, thiaj li mus paub qhov sib cais ntawm cov khoom.
2. Cov txheej txheem adsorption/desorption
Cov txheej txheem adsorption: Nws tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov concentration lossis ua cov txheej txheem liquefaction.Yog li ntawd, qhov qis dua qhov kub thiab qhov siab dua, qhov muaj peev xwm adsorption ntau dua.Rau tag nrho cov adsorbents, qhov yooj yim dua liquefied (siab dua kub taw tes) gases adsorbed ntau, thiab tsawg liquefiable (qis boiling point) gases adsorbed qis dua.
Desorption txheej txheem: Nws tuaj yeem suav tias yog txheej txheem ntawm gasification lossis volatilization.Yog li ntawd, qhov siab dua qhov kub thiab qhov qis dua, qhov ua kom tiav qhov desorption ntau dua.Rau tag nrho cov sorbents, ntau liquefied (qhov kub siab dua) gases tsawg dua yuav desorb, thiab tsawg liquefiable (qis boiling point) gases yooj yim dua desorbed.
3. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cais adsorption thiab nws cov kev faib tawm
Adsorption muab faib ua lub cev adsorption thiab tshuaj lom neeg adsorption.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cais ntawm lub cev adsorption: Kev sib cais yog ua tiav los ntawm kev siv qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog adsorption (van der Waals quab yuam, electrostatic quab yuam) ntawm cov atoms los yog pawg ntawm cov khoom nto thiab txawv teb chaws molecules.Qhov loj ntawm lub zog adsorption muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom ntawm ob lub adsorbent thiab cov adsorbate.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov tshuaj adsorption yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem adsorption uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwm sim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom adsorbent los ua ke cov adsorbate thiab cov adsorbent nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg, yog li kev xaiv muaj zog.Chemisorption feem ntau qeeb, tsuas yog tsim tau ib lub monolayer thiab yog irreversible.
4. Hom Adsorbent
Cov adsorbents feem ntau muaj xws li: molecular sieves, activated carbon, silica gel, thiab activated alumina.
Molecular sieve: Nws muaj cov qauv tsis tu ncua microporous channel, nrog rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 500-1000m² / g, feem ntau micropores, thiab qhov pore loj faib yog nruab nrab ntawm 0.4-1nm.Cov yam ntxwv adsorption ntawm molecular sieves tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm kev kho cov qauv molecular sieve, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab hom counter cations.Molecular sieves tsuas yog tso siab rau tus yam ntxwv pore qauv thiab Coulomb quab yuam teb ntawm qhov sib npaug cation thiab molecular sieve molecular los tsim adsorption.Lawv muaj qhov zoo thermal thiab hydrothermal stability thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev sib cais thiab purification ntawm ntau yam roj thiab kua theem.Lub adsorbent muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev xaiv muaj zog, siab adsorption qhov tob thiab muaj peev xwm loj adsorption thaum siv;
Cov pa roj carbon activated: Nws muaj micropore nplua nuj thiab cov qauv mesopore, thaj chaw tshwj xeeb yog li 500-1000m² / g, thiab qhov pore loj faib feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 2-50nm.Cov pa roj carbon activated feem ntau yog nyob ntawm van der Waals quab yuam tsim los ntawm adsorbate los tsim adsorption, thiab tsuas yog siv rau adsorption ntawm cov organic tebchaw, hnyav hydrocarbon organic teeb meem adsorption thiab tshem tawm, deodorant, thiab lwm yam.;
Silica gel: Qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm silica gel-raws li adsorbents yog li 300-500m² / g, feem ntau mesoporous, nrog rau qhov pore loj faib ntawm 2-50nm, thiab sab hauv ntawm lub qhov hws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv hydroxyl pawg.Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau adsorption ziab thiab siab viav vias adsorption los tsim CO₂, thiab lwm yam.;
Activated alumina: Qhov chaw tshwj xeeb yog 200-500m² / g, feem ntau mesopores, thiab qhov pore loj faib yog 2-50nm.Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv qhuav thiab lub cev qhuav dej, acid pov tseg gas purification, thiab lwm yam.
